Simple Present

PRESENT SIMPLE : Affirmative form

Vamos a conjugar el verbo TO PLAY.

AFFIRMATIVE FORM                 MEANING

• I play ........................... (yo) juego.

• You play ....................... (tú) juegas.

• He plays ......................  (él) juega.

• She plays ..................... (ella) juega.

• It plays .................  (animal o cosa) juega.

• We play .....................  (nosotros) jugamos.

• You play ...................... (vosotros) jugáis.

• They play ..................... (ellos) juegan.

NOTA: Observa que no hay forma contraída en la affirmative  form.

SPELLING RULES.

1.- La norma general es que al verbo se le añade -s cuando hablamos de la 3ª persona del singular. 

Ejemplos: I live --> he lives ;  You drive --> she drives ;  We run --> It runs.

2.- Al verbo se le añade -es cuando termina en -s / -ch / -sh/ -x/ -o/

Ejemplos: pass = passes ; watch = watches ; finish = finishes ; fix = fixes; go=goes

3.- Los verbos que terminan en -y la convierten en -i y añaden -es. 

Ejemplos: study = studies ; fly = flies.

Pero cuidado, porque la -y no se convierte en -i si la palabra termina en -ay/-ey/-oy/-uy.

Ejemplos: say = says; stay = stays; buy = buys

EXERCISE  Write the third person of the following verbs:

dance      fly          live        write     fix          go          catch      drink       wash      do         drive      tidy        cut         come         fish         give        sit         say        study     see         swim         think       buy         eat       dream    break

Let's practice:

Exercise 1      
Exercise 2     
Exercise 3        
Exercise 4    

PRESENT SIMPLE: INTERROGATIVE FORM

INTERROGATIVE  FORM   *   MEANING                     SHORT ANSWER

Do I play ..                      ¿(yo) juego ...?        Yes, I do / No, I don't.

Do you play ...?               ¿(tú) juegas ...?        Yes, I do/No, I don't.

Does he play ...?             ¿(él) juega ...?          Yes, he does/ No, he doesn't
Does she play ...?            ¿(ella) juega ...?  Yes, she does/ No, she doesn't
Does it play ...?              ¿(ello) juega ...?    Yes, it does / No, it doesn't

Do we play ...?         ¿(nosotros) jugamos ...?   Yes, we do / No, we don't

Do you play ...?      ¿(vosotros) jugais ...?       Yes, you do / No, you don't

Do they play ...?          ¿(ellos) juegan ...?       Yes, they do / No, they don't

EXERCISE 1: Complete the questions and write true answers.

1- ........... you play basketball? ......................

2- ........... you and your family live in France? ..............

3- ........... your friends like pop music? ...................

4- .........your English teacher come from England?..........

5- ........... you and your classmates study Maths? ...........

6- ........... you play football? ........................

EXERCISE 2: Complete the questions and the answers.

1- -------- Mike and Sue eat fish? No, .......................

2- -------- Linda play football? Yes, .......................

3- -------- Sam study Portuguese? No, .........................

4- -------- Sarah live in Ireland? Yes, ...................

5- -------- Darren and Mike eat apples? No, ...................

6- -------- Sammy and Jenny dance in the disco? Yes, .....

Let's practice:

Exercise 1
Exercise 2

Exercise 3

Exercise 4

PRESENT SIMPLE:NEGATIVE FORM

NEGATIVE FORM            SHORT FORM                    MEANING

I do not play                  I don't play                       (Yo) no juego.

You do not play              You don't play                (Tú) no juegas.

He does not play            He doesn't play                (Él) no juega.

She does not play           She doesn't play             (Ella) no juega.

It does not play               It doesn't play               (Ello) no juega.

We do not play               We don't play     (Nosotros) no jugamos.

You do not play              You don't play       (Vosotros) no jugáis.

They do not play            They don't play          (Ellos) no juegan.

EXERCISE 1: Complete the sentences using don't or doesn't.

1- Sue ................ like History.

2- Darren and Sam .................. go to school by car.

3- Matt .................. study Japanese.

4- Ben and Sue .................. eat vegetables.

5- Linda ............... live in London.

6- We ............... work in a hospital.

7- Teresa and Sarah ............. like horror films.

8- My sister ................ get up at eight o'clock.

EXERCISE 2: Rewrite these sentences in the negative form.

1- My parents drink a lot of tea.

2- English people drive on the right.

3- George lives in New York.

4- They speak Spanish in Brazil.

5- Potatoes cost a lot of money.

6- Cats like water.

7- Susan study French at school.

8- Darren and Linda play baseball in a team.

Let's practice:

Exercise 1

Exercise 2

Exercise 3

Exercise 4

Comparatives

Comparatives a

COMPARATIVOS

Adjetivos cortos:

Para formar el comparativo añadimos al adjetivo la terminación -er:
Por ejemplo, al adjetivo fast (rápido) le añadimos -er: 

faster (más rápido)

Para decir más rápido "que" añadimos también "than"

Fórmula: Adjetivo corto (er)  + than

Ejemplos:  

A train is faster than a bicycle.  (Un tren es más rápido que una bicicleta.)
The sea is larger than a lake.   (El mar es más grande que un lago.)

 - Y si acaban en y, esta se sustituirá por la i latina.  

Por ejemplo, el adjetivo easy (fácil)  acabará con -ier: easier (más fácil)

Ejemplo:
This work is easier than yours   (Este trabajo es más fácil que el tuyo.)

- Algunos adjetivos que terminan en consonante-vocal-consonante duplican la última sílaba.

Por ejemplo big(grande): bigger (más grande) o fat (gordo): fatter (más gordo)

Adjetivos largos:

Para formar el comparativo el adjetivo irá precedido de la palabra "more":
Por ejemplo, al adjetivo comfortable (cómodo) le añadimos more delante: 

more comfortable (más cómodo)

Para decir más cómodo "que" añadimos también "than"

Fórmula:  more + Adjetivo largo + than

Ejemplos:  

My sofa is more confortable than  yours. ( Mi sofá es más cómodo que el tuyo)
This hotel is more expensive than the other one.   (Este hotel es más caro que el otro)

Comparativos irregulares:

Good ---> better  

Bad ---> worse

Far ---> Further

• Let's practice now:

Exercise 1

Exercise 2

Exercise 3

Exercise 4 

SUPERLATIVOS

Adjetivos cortos:

Para formar el superlativo pondremos delante del adjetivo corto "the" y añadiremos la terminación -est:
Por ejemplo, al adjetivo fast (rápido) le añadimos -est: 

the fastest (el más rápido)

Fórmula: "the" + Adjetivo corto(est)

Ejemplos:  

That train is the fastest .  (Ese tren es el más rápido.)

He is the tallest boy in the school.   (Él es el más alto del colegio.)

Adjetivos largos:

Para formar el superlativo el adjetivo largo irá precedido de  " the most":
Por ejemplo, el adjetivo comfortable (cómodo): 

the most comfortable ( el más cómodo)

Fórmula:  the most + Adjetivo largo

Ejemplos:  

Jonh is the most  intelligent in the class (Jonh is el más inteligente de la clase)
This hotel the most expensive in town.   (Este hotel es más caro de la ciudad)

Superlativos irregulares:

Good ---> the best

Bad ---> the worst

Far ---> the furthest

• Let's practice now:

Exercise 1

Exercise 2

Exercise 3

Exercise 4 

The Time

THE TIME

Explanatory video  Click here

                             

    If you want more, watch another video: click here

Now you tell me... What time is it?

   Exercise 1

   Exercise 2

   Exercise 3

   Exercise 4

CONDITIONALS

Conditionals

Each type of conditional contains a different pair of tenses. With each type certain variations are
possible.

TYPE O: GENERAL CONDITIONALS.   If  Present + Present

Use this structure to talk about  HABITS AND GENERAL TRUTHS.

If-clause............... Present Simple
Main-clause...…… Present Simple

Example:

• If you don't eat, you get hungry.
• I go to the doctor's if I'm sick.
• If I don´t get enough sleep, I feel tired.
• If you mix yellow and blue, you get green.

EXERCISE 1  Practice Zero Conditionals
EXERCISE 2  Choose the right option.
EXERCISE 3 Complete the sentences

TYPE 1: PROBABLE CONDITIONALS.     If  Present + Future

This type of sentence implies that the action in the If-clause is QUITE PROBABLE.

If-clause............... Present simple

Main-clause...…... Future (will + Infinitive)

Use this structure to talk about things that may happen in the future (there is a possibility that the situation in the if-clause will happen in the future)

Examples:

• If it rains, I will stay at home.
• If he runs, he will get there in time.
• I will pass my exam if I study hard.

EXERCISE 1  Choose the correct form
EXERCISE 2  Connect the sentences
EXERCISE 3  Fill the gaps

TYPE   2:  IMPROBABLE CONDITIONALS.     If  Past +  Would 

This type of sentence implies that the action in the If-clause is UNREAL(IMPOSIBLE) OR IMPROBABLE

If-clause............... Past

Main-clause...…... Would + Infinitive

Examples:

• If I were you, I would buy that car.
• If she had more time, she would travel more often.
• If they won the lottery, they wouldn't work any more.
• If I didn't want to go, I would tell you.

Sometimes, we use should, could or might instead of would, for example: If I won a million dollars, I could stop working.

EXERCISE 1   Fill in.
EXERCISE 2  Connect the sentences halves.
EXERCISE 3  Complete the sentences.

TYPE   3: NO POSSIBILITY  CONDITIONALS.    

 If  Past Perfect +  Would have Past Participle 

We can use the Third Conditional to talk about 'impossible' conditions, impossible because they are in the past and we cannot change what has happened.

	condition	result
	Past Perfect	WOULD HAVE + Past Participle
If	she had studied	she would have passed the exam.

If she had studied, she would have passed the exam (but, really we know she didn't study and so she didn't pass)

Sometimes, we use should have, could have, might have instead of would have, for example: If you had bought a lottery ticket, you might have won.

Examples	Explanation
If you had driven more carefully, you would not have had an accident.	Criticism: You had an accident because you didn't drive carefully enough.
If we had played a little better, we could have won the game.	Regret: We didn't play well, so we lost the game.
If you had saved your money, you could have bought a computer.	Criticism: You didn't save your money, so now you can't afford a computer.
If it had snowed, we could have gone skiing.	Regret: It didn't snow, so we couldn't go skiing.

Exercise 1 Conditional sentences type III

Exercise 2 Multiple choice

Exercise 3 Conditional sentences, type III - Exercise Mix 1

USED TO

link to an exercise online

https://www.test-english.com/grammar-points/a2/used-to/