The weather

Let's begin with a video to learn the vocabulary:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F_gGZ7v-vtM

Yes / No questions:

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yszaiqhK1Aw

Exercises:

https://www.vocabulary.cl/english-games/weather-forecast.htm

https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/vocabulary/weather/exercises

Listenings:

https://esol.britishcouncil.org/content/learners/skills/listening/weather-forecast

https://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/skills/listening/elementary-a2-listening/weather-forecast

 If you want to learn more here you have 2 more videos with a higher level:

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uyZw0Zy-HS8

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VSBr66oIN80&t=63s

Statements into questions

Change statements into questions 

A sentence that tells us something is a statement. In modern English, auxiliaries are the only verbs which can be put before the subject of a sentence to form questions.

• He is a good fellow.
• Is he a good fellow?
• They have won the race.
• Have they won the race?
• The cat will kill the mice.
• Will the cat kill the mice?

In the case of other verbs, the auxiliaries do and its forms (does and did) have to be used before the subject.

• John enjoys playing tennis. (statement)
• Does John enjoy playing tennis? (question)
• Sharon makes models from clay.
• Does Sharon make models from clay?
• Alice goes to school by train.
• Does Alice go to school by train?
• The children practise the violin each morning.
• Do the children practise the violin each morning?
• Our team played well yesterday.
• Did our team play well yesterday?
• He fell from the ladder.
• Did he fall from the ladder?
• They went to Mumbai.
• Did they go to Mumbai?
• She likes to see pictures.
• Does she like to see pictures?
• They make good cheese.
• Do they make good cheese?

Exercise 1   Changing statements into questions

Exercise 2 Changing statements into questions

Exercise 3 Change the following sentences into Yes/No questions

Exercise 4 QUESTION WORDS - WH QUESTIONS

Exercise 5  Wh-questions An online exercise for practicing / revising the question words

Exercise 6   Ask for the underlined part

Rewrite in Negative.                                   

The following examples show some ways to make a sentence negative in the present tense.

• Sentence: My guests are arriving now.   Negative: My guests are not arriving now.

The negative word no:

• Sentence: Jennie has money.                 Negative: Jennie has no money.

The contraction n’t :

• Sentence: Janetta kisses her mom.   Negative: Janetta doesn’t kiss her mom.

Notice that when forming a negative in the present tense, the helping verb does is what signals the 3rd person singular, and the main verb "kiss" does not have an -es ending.

The following sentences show you the ways to make a sentence negative in the past tense.

• Sentence: Paul called me yesterday.         Negative: Paul did not call me yesterday.

• Sentence: Jamilee went to the grocery store.  Negative: Jamilee didn´t go to the grocery store.

• Sentence: Gina laughed when she saw the huge pile of laundry.  Negative: Gina did not laugh when she saw the huge pile of laundry.

Notice that when forming a negative in the past tense, the helping verb did is what signals the past tense, and the main verb "laugh" does not have an -ed ending.

Exercise 1  48 Sentences to rewrite in negative and interrogative

Exercise 2 Exercise on negative sentences Simple Past

Exercise 3 Exercise on negative sentences Present Simple

Exercise 4  Exercise on negative sentences Simple Past

Prepositions Time: ATONIN

Prepositions of Time: in, on, at

We use:

• in for MONTHS, YEARS, CENTURIES and LONG PERIODS
• on for DAYS and DATES
• at for a PRECISE TIME, HOURS

at	in	on
PRECISE TIME	MONTHS, YEARS, CENTURIES and LONG PERIODS	DAYS and DATES
at 3 o'clock	in May	on Sunday
at 10.30am	in summer	on Tuesdays
at noon	in the summer	on 6 March
at dinnertime	in 1990	on 25 Dec. 2010
at bedtime	in the 1990s	on Christmas Day
at sunrise at sunset	in the next century	on Independence Day
at night	in the morning, in the afternoon in the evening	on my birthday
at the moment	in the past/future	on New Year's Eve

Look at these examples:

• I have a meeting at 9am.
• The shop closes at midnight.
• Jane went home at lunchtime.
• In England, it often snows in December.
• Do you think we will go to Jupiter in the future?
• There should be a lot of progress in the next century.
• Do you work on Mondays?
• Her birthday is on 20 November.
• Where will you be on New Year's Day?

Notice the use of the preposition of time at in the following standard expressions:

Expression	Example
at night	The stars shine at night.
at the weekend*	I don't usually work at the weekend.
at Christmas*/Easter	I stay with my family at Christmas.
at the same time	We finished the test at the same time.
at present	He's not home at present. Try later.

Notice the use of the prepositions of time in and on in these common expressions:

in	on
in the morning	on Tuesday morning
in the mornings	on Saturday mornings
in the afternoon(s)	on Sunday afternoons
in the evening(s)	on Monday evening

Let´s practice now:

Exercise 1

Exercise 2

Exercise 3

Exercise 4

Should - Must - Have to

Should - Must- Have to

SHOULD - MUST - HAVE TO

We can use have to + infinitive, must + infinitive and should + infinitiveto express obligation (something you have to do).

Present	Positive	Negative
have to / don't have to	strong obligation (possibly from outside) Children have to go to school. (sometimes 'have got to')	no obligation I don't have to work on Sundays. You don't have to eat anything you don't like.
must / mustn't	strong obligation (possibly based on the speaker's opinion) I must study today.	negative obligation (VERY STRONG) You mustn't smoke here.
should / shouldn't	mild obligation or advice You should save some money.	mild negative obligation or advice You shouldn't smoke so much.

Be careful about the difference between mustn't and don't have to!
Mustn't means it's not allowed, or it's a bad idea:

• You mustn't eat so much chocolate, you'll be sick

Don't have to means you don't need to do something, but it's fine if you want to do it:

• I don't have to get up early at the weekend(of course, if I want to get up early, that's fine, but I can stay in bed if I want).

Past	Positive	Negative
had to / didn't have to	obligation in the past I had to wear a school uniform when I was a child.	no obligation in the past We didn't have to go to school on Saturdays.
must*	changes to 'had to'	-
should have + pp / shouldn't have + pp	a past action which didn't happen: the advice / regret is too late You should have gone to bed earlier, now you have missed the train.	a past action which didn't happen: the advice / regret is too late You shouldn't have taken that job., it was a bad idea.

* Remember 'must have done' is a modal verb of deduction or speculation, not obligation in the past. For example: Julie must have left. Her coat's not here.

Let´s practice now:
Exercise 1
Exercise 2
Exercise 3
Exercise 4

There is / there are Some/any

There is / there are Some/any

There is / There are - Some / Any

https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=5&v=mvOPWQo2M4A&feature=emb_logo

There is / There are

Estas expresiones se utilizan para expresar la cantidad de objetos o personas que se encuentran en un determinado lugar.

Ambas formas significan "Hay". La diferencia es que la primera se utiliza para el singular y la segunda para el plural.

Singular:   There is a chair in the bedroom.                 Hay una silla en el dormitorio.

Plural:   There are two chairs in the bedroom.             Hay dos sillas en el dormitorio.

En el primer caso, se hace referencia a una silla, por lo que debe usarse la forma singular.

En el segundo caso, se hace referencia a más de una silla, por lo tanto se usa la forma plural.

Some / Any

Para referirse a sustantivos incontables directamente, se usan las palabras some y any.

Como norma general, some se aplica en las oraciones afirmativas, mientras que any se usa en las oraciones interrogativas y negativas.

Interrogativa:  Is there any sugar?                       ¿Hay azúcar?

Negativa:     No, there isn't any sugar.                  No, no hay nada de azúcar.

Afirmativa:   Yes, there is some sugar.                     Sí, hay algo de azúcar.

• Estas palabras también pueden usarse con sustantivos contables...

Is there any pencil?Hay algún lápiz?

Yes, there are some pencils.Sí, hay algunos lápices.

No, there isn't any pencil.No, no hay ningún lápiz.

Exercise 1 
Exercise 2
Exercise 3
Exercise 4
Exercise 5

Simple Present

PRESENT SIMPLE : Affirmative form

Vamos a conjugar el verbo TO PLAY.

AFFIRMATIVE FORM                 MEANING

• I play ........................... (yo) juego.

• You play ....................... (tú) juegas.

• He plays ......................  (él) juega.

• She plays ..................... (ella) juega.

• It plays .................  (animal o cosa) juega.

• We play .....................  (nosotros) jugamos.

• You play ...................... (vosotros) jugáis.

• They play ..................... (ellos) juegan.

NOTA: Observa que no hay forma contraída en la affirmative  form.

SPELLING RULES.

1.- La norma general es que al verbo se le añade -s cuando hablamos de la 3ª persona del singular. 

Ejemplos: I live --> he lives ;  You drive --> she drives ;  We run --> It runs.

2.- Al verbo se le añade -es cuando termina en -s / -ch / -sh/ -x/ -o/

Ejemplos: pass = passes ; watch = watches ; finish = finishes ; fix = fixes; go=goes

3.- Los verbos que terminan en -y la convierten en -i y añaden -es. 

Ejemplos: study = studies ; fly = flies.

Pero cuidado, porque la -y no se convierte en -i si la palabra termina en -ay/-ey/-oy/-uy.

Ejemplos: say = says; stay = stays; buy = buys

EXERCISE  Write the third person of the following verbs:

dance      fly          live        write     fix          go          catch      drink       wash      do         drive      tidy        cut         come         fish         give        sit         say        study     see         swim         think       buy         eat       dream    break

Let's practice:

Exercise 1      
Exercise 2     
Exercise 3        
Exercise 4    

PRESENT SIMPLE: INTERROGATIVE FORM

INTERROGATIVE  FORM   *   MEANING                     SHORT ANSWER

Do I play ..                      ¿(yo) juego ...?        Yes, I do / No, I don't.

Do you play ...?               ¿(tú) juegas ...?        Yes, I do/No, I don't.

Does he play ...?             ¿(él) juega ...?          Yes, he does/ No, he doesn't
Does she play ...?            ¿(ella) juega ...?  Yes, she does/ No, she doesn't
Does it play ...?              ¿(ello) juega ...?    Yes, it does / No, it doesn't

Do we play ...?         ¿(nosotros) jugamos ...?   Yes, we do / No, we don't

Do you play ...?      ¿(vosotros) jugais ...?       Yes, you do / No, you don't

Do they play ...?          ¿(ellos) juegan ...?       Yes, they do / No, they don't

EXERCISE 1: Complete the questions and write true answers.

1- ........... you play basketball? ......................

2- ........... you and your family live in France? ..............

3- ........... your friends like pop music? ...................

4- .........your English teacher come from England?..........

5- ........... you and your classmates study Maths? ...........

6- ........... you play football? ........................

EXERCISE 2: Complete the questions and the answers.

1- -------- Mike and Sue eat fish? No, .......................

2- -------- Linda play football? Yes, .......................

3- -------- Sam study Portuguese? No, .........................

4- -------- Sarah live in Ireland? Yes, ...................

5- -------- Darren and Mike eat apples? No, ...................

6- -------- Sammy and Jenny dance in the disco? Yes, .....

Let's practice:

Exercise 1
Exercise 2

Exercise 3

Exercise 4

PRESENT SIMPLE:NEGATIVE FORM

NEGATIVE FORM            SHORT FORM                    MEANING

I do not play                  I don't play                       (Yo) no juego.

You do not play              You don't play                (Tú) no juegas.

He does not play            He doesn't play                (Él) no juega.

She does not play           She doesn't play             (Ella) no juega.

It does not play               It doesn't play               (Ello) no juega.

We do not play               We don't play     (Nosotros) no jugamos.

You do not play              You don't play       (Vosotros) no jugáis.

They do not play            They don't play          (Ellos) no juegan.

EXERCISE 1: Complete the sentences using don't or doesn't.

1- Sue ................ like History.

2- Darren and Sam .................. go to school by car.

3- Matt .................. study Japanese.

4- Ben and Sue .................. eat vegetables.

5- Linda ............... live in London.

6- We ............... work in a hospital.

7- Teresa and Sarah ............. like horror films.

8- My sister ................ get up at eight o'clock.

EXERCISE 2: Rewrite these sentences in the negative form.

1- My parents drink a lot of tea.

2- English people drive on the right.

3- George lives in New York.

4- They speak Spanish in Brazil.

5- Potatoes cost a lot of money.

6- Cats like water.

7- Susan study French at school.

8- Darren and Linda play baseball in a team.

Let's practice:

Exercise 1

Exercise 2

Exercise 3

Exercise 4